In fact, it has the lowest efficiency ratio of the major banks, at 50%, which means that its expenses are lower in relation to its revenue. On the other hand, a higher efficiency ratio means a company’s expenses are higher in relation to its revenue.
JPMorgan Chase also has a high common equity tier 1 (CET1) ratio of 13.8% and $1.4 trillion in cash and marketable securities. The CET1 ratio is a measure of liquidity, and 13.8% is well beyond the required regulatory minimum. This allows JPMorgan Chase to continually fund its dividend while investing in its growth, like by purchasing the assets of the failed First Republic bank earlier this year.
On top of the strong and reliable dividend, JPMorgan also has posted solid returns. It is up almost 9% year to date, outperforming its peers by a wide margin as they are all in negative territory. The bank’s capital strength, management and diversity of revenue streams as the market leader are big reasons for that, and the excellent dividend is a nice added benefit.
一、In fact, it has the lowest efficiency ratio of the major banks, at 50%, which means that its expenses are lower in relation to its revenue.
1. In fact — 事實上
In fact 是副詞片語,用來補充或強調前面的資訊。
同義詞:
- actually — 事實上
- indeed — 的確
- as a matter of fact — 事實上
2. the lowest + 名詞 + of + 複數名詞 — ……之中最低的
the lowest efficiency ratio of the major banks
這裡使用最高級:
表示「某個群體之中最低的……」。
3. at 50% — 為 50%
這裡的 at + 數字 用來表示某個數值、比例或水準。
也可以說:
在財經英文中,at + 數值 很常見。
4. which means that + 子句 — 這意味著……
which 指的是前面整個情況:
which means that + 子句
表示「這意味著……」。
這是財經文章非常常見的解釋句型。
5. lower in relation to — 相對於……較低
in relation to = 相對於、就……而言、與……相比。
同義詞:
- relative to — 相對於
- compared with — 與……相比
- compared to — 與……相比
- in comparison with — 與……相比
二、On the other hand, a higher efficiency ratio means a company’s expenses are higher in relation to its revenue.
1. On the other hand — 另一方面
On the other hand 用來引出與前面相反或不同的情況。
前面:
接著:
形成明顯對比。
同義詞:
- in contrast — 相反地
- by contrast — 相比之下
- conversely — 反過來說
2. a higher efficiency ratio — 較高的效率比
這裡的 higher 是比較級。
注意:higher 不一定表示「高」,而是表示「比另一個數值高」。
3. means + 子句 — 意味著……
mean + 名詞
或:
mean + 子句
4. a company’s expenses — 公司的支出
這裡是所有格:
= the expenses of a company
三、JPMorgan Chase also has a high common equity tier 1 (CET1) ratio of 13.8% and $1.4 trillion in cash and marketable securities.
1. a ratio of 13.8% — 13.8%的比率
a ratio of + 數字 用來表示某個比率是多少。
類似:
2. $1.4 trillion in cash and marketable securities
這裡的 in 表示「持有/存在於某種資產中」。
類似:
3. marketable securities — 有價證券
marketable securities 指可以比較容易在市場上買賣、轉換成現金的金融資產。
- securities — 證券
- stocks — 股票
- bonds — 債券
- marketable securities — 有價證券
四、The CET1 ratio is a measure of liquidity, and 13.8% is well beyond the required regulatory minimum.
1. a measure of — ……的衡量指標
a measure of + 名詞
表示「……的衡量指標」。
同義詞:
- indicator of — ……的指標
- gauge of — ……的衡量標準
- metric for — ……的衡量指標
2. well beyond — 遠遠超過
這裡的 well 不是「好」。
它是副詞,用來強調 beyond 的程度。
3. the required regulatory minimum — 法規要求的最低標準
這是一個很典型的名詞片語:
- required — 所要求的
- regulatory — 法規的、監管的
- minimum — 最低標準
五、This allows JPMorgan Chase to continually fund its dividend while investing in its growth
1. allow + 人/公司 + to V — 使……能夠……
這是非常重要的文法:
2. fund its dividend — 為股息提供資金
fund 在這裡是動詞:
fund + 名詞 可以表示「為某件事情提供資金」。
同義詞:
- finance — 為……提供資金
- support — 支持
- pay for — 支付
3. while + V-ing — 同時……
完整概念是:
主詞相同時,可以省略:
變成:
這是英文非常常見的省略結構。
4. invest in — 投資於
invest in + 名詞 = 投資於……
- invest in technology — 投資科技
- invest in growth — 投資成長
- invest in the business — 投資企業
六、like by purchasing the assets of the failed First Republic bank earlier this year.
1. like + V-ing — 例如……
這裡的 like 不是「喜歡」。
這裡是在舉例說明 JPMorgan 如何投資成長。
不過更正式的財經英文通常會使用:
2. by + V-ing — 透過……
by + V-ing 表示「透過做某事」。
3. failed bank — 倒閉的銀行
failed 是過去分詞作形容詞:
這種:
在新聞及財經英文中非常常見。
七、On top of the strong and reliable dividend, JPMorgan also has posted solid returns.
1. On top of — 除了……之外
On top of + 名詞
= 除了……之外。
同義詞:
- in addition to — 除了……之外
- besides — 除了……之外
- additionally — 此外
2. strong and reliable — 強勁且可靠的
- strong — 強勁的
- reliable — 可靠的
reliable 在股息投資文章中特別常見。
同義詞:
- dependable — 可靠的
- consistent — 穩定一致的
- stable — 穩定的
3. has posted solid returns — 已取得穩健的報酬
財經英文中:
非常常見。
這裡的 post 不是「發布文章」的意思,而是「取得/公布某項結果」。
八、It is up almost 9% year to date, outperforming its peers by a wide margin as they are all in negative territory.
1. be up + 百分比 — 上漲……
財經英文非常常見:
相反:
2. year to date — 年初至今
這是金融市場非常重要的片語。
3. outperform — 表現優於
outperform + 名詞
反義詞:
4. by a wide margin — 大幅地、遠遠地
margin 在這裡不是「利潤率」,而是「差距」。
同義詞:
- by far — 遠遠地
- significantly — 顯著地
- by a large margin — 大幅地
5. as they are all in negative territory
in negative territory 是財經新聞非常常見的片語。
這裡指 JPMorgan 的同業今年以來都是負報酬。
九、The bank’s capital strength, management and diversity of revenue streams as the market leader are big reasons for that
1. capital strength — 資本實力
銀行分析中非常常見。
相關詞:
- financial strength — 財務實力
- balance-sheet strength — 資產負債表實力
- capital position — 資本狀況
2. diversity of revenue streams — 多元化的收入來源
這個片語對公司基本面分析非常有用。
3. as the market leader — 作為市場領導者
as + 名詞
可以表示「作為……」。
4. reasons for that — 造成這種情況的原因
reason for + 名詞
十、The excellent dividend is a nice added benefit.
1. added benefit — 額外的好處
added 是過去分詞作形容詞。
2. a nice added benefit — 不錯的額外優勢
作者最後把股息定位成:
意思不是「股息是投資 JPMorgan 的唯一原因」,而是:
這一段最值得學的 15 個財經英文片語
| 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| In fact | 事實上 |
| the lowest … of | ……之中最低的 |
| at 50% | 為 50% |
| which means that | 這意味著 |
| in relation to | 相對於 |
| On the other hand | 另一方面 |
| a measure of | ……的衡量指標 |
| well beyond | 遠遠超過 |
| allow A to V | 使 A 能夠做…… |
| while + V-ing | 同時…… |
| by + V-ing | 透過…… |
| On top of | 除了……之外 |
| year to date | 年初至今 |
| outperform … by a wide margin | 大幅跑贏…… |
| in negative territory | 處於負值/下跌區間 |