Branch Out、Ramp Up、Account For 是什麼?財經英語片語與文法解析

英文原文


SoFi is a fintech with a couple of unique advantages. The company started as a lender for student loans, but over the years, it has branched out by providing a broader suite of financial services. It has three main business lines: lending, technology and financial services. The lending business is its largest revenue generator, accounting for $331 million in revenue in the second quarter or about two-thirds of the $498 million in total revenue in the quarter.


A couple of things have provided this segment with a boost in recent years. The first is the banking charter that SoFi obtained in early 2022 via the acquisition of Golden Pacific Bancorp, a small California bank. Very few fintechs have bank charters, so it gives SoFi an advantage because it can accept deposits and use those deposits to fund loans, as opposed to other fintechs, which have to partner with third-party lenders to fund loans and either pay fees or share revenue. This has helped SoFi ramp up the number of personal loans it has issued. In the second quarter, it had a record $3.7 billion in personal loan originations, up 51% year over year and 27% from the previous quarter.

第一段:文法、片語與同義詞解析
SoFi is a fintech with a couple of unique advantages.
SoFi 是一家具有幾項獨特優勢的金融科技公司。

文法

這句的基本結構是:

主詞 + be 動詞 + 名詞 + with + 名詞

SoFi is a fintech = SoFi 是一家金融科技公司。

with a couple of unique advantages 是介系詞片語,用來補充說明 SoFi 具有哪些特點。

這裡的 with 不是一般所理解的「和」,而是 「具有、帶有」的意思。

a couple of
幾個、幾項、少數幾個
A couple of factors affected the company’s results.
= 有幾項因素影響了公司的業績。

a couple of + 複數名詞 是英文中很常見的表達。

它字面上可以理解為「兩個」,但在實際新聞與日常英文中, 有時也可以比較寬鬆地表示「幾個」。

同義詞: a few、several、a handful of

The company started as a lender for student loans, but over the years, it has branched out by providing a broader suite of financial services.
這家公司最初是一家學生貸款放款機構,但多年來,已透過提供更廣泛的一系列金融服務來拓展業務。

文法

started as + 名詞 表示「起初是……」、「最初以……身分經營」。

例如:

He started as an analyst.
= 他最初是一名分析師。

The company started as a small retailer.
= 這家公司最初是一家小型零售商。

start as
起初是……、最初以……身分開始
over the years
多年來、這些年來

over the years 用來描述一段較長時間內逐漸發生的變化。

Over the years, the company has expanded.
= 多年來,這家公司一直在擴張。

重要片語:branch out

branch out
拓展業務、擴大經營範圍
The company has branched out into new markets.
= 這家公司已拓展至新的市場。

branch out 原本可以聯想到樹枝向外延伸,英文中因此引申為從原本的領域向其他領域拓展。

在財經文章中,這個片語經常用來描述公司從原本的核心業務, 擴展到其他產品、市場或服務。

同義詞: expand into、diversify into、broaden its business、 enter new markets

by + V-ing

by + V-ing 表示「透過做某事」、「藉由某種方式」。

原文: by providing a broader suite of financial services

= 透過提供更廣泛的一系列金融服務。

The company increased revenue by expanding its product offerings.
= 公司透過擴大產品組合來提高營收。

重要片語:a broader suite of

a broader suite of
更廣泛的一系列……

suite 在商業、科技與金融英語中,常常不是「套房」的意思, 而是指「一系列、一整套」。

a suite of financial services
= 一系列金融服務

a suite of products
= 一系列產品

a suite of tools
= 一系列工具

a suite of solutions
= 一系列解決方案
It has three main business lines: lending, technology and financial services.
它有三大主要業務線:放貸、科技與金融服務。

重要片語:business line

business line
業務線、業務領域

business line 是商業與財經文章中非常常見的表達, 用來描述一家公司的不同主要業務。

同義詞: business segment、business unit、division、 operating segment

The company has several major business lines.
= 這家公司有幾個主要業務領域。
The lending business is its largest revenue generator, accounting for $331 million in revenue in the second quarter or about two-thirds of the $498 million in total revenue in the quarter.
放貸業務是其最大的營收來源,第二季帶來 3.31 億美元營收,約占該季 4.98 億美元總營收的三分之二。

句子主幹

這句最主要的結構是:

The lending business is its largest revenue generator.

= 放貸業務是它最大的營收來源。

後面的 accounting for… 是現在分詞片語,用來補充說明前面的 the lending business 帶來多少營收。

revenue generator
營收來源、創造營收的業務
Advertising is an important revenue generator for the company.
= 廣告是這家公司重要的營收來源。

重要片語:account for

account for
占……的比例、構成……
Lending accounts for two-thirds of total revenue.
= 放貸業務占總營收的三分之二。

在一般英文裡, account for 也可以表示「解釋、說明」。

但在財經文章中, account for 非常常用來表示「占……比例」。

常見結構:

A accounts for X% of B.

= A 占 B 的 X%。

同義表達: represent、make up、constitute

two-thirds of

two-thirds of
三分之二的……

財經英文常使用分數來描述營收、成本或其他財務數據所占的比例。

one-third = 三分之一
one-half = 二分之一
two-thirds = 三分之二
three-quarters = 四分之三

第二段:文法、片語與同義詞解析
A couple of things have provided this segment with a boost in recent years.
近年來,有幾項因素為這個業務部門帶來了提振。

文法:provide A with B

provide A with B
為 A 提供 B

原文:

provided this segment with a boost

A = this segment

B = a boost

因此就是「為這個業務部門帶來提振」。

give something a boost
提振某事物、推動某事物
The new product gave revenue a boost.
= 新產品提振了營收。
in recent years
近年來

in recent years 很常與現在完成式搭配使用。

原文: have provided

這裡使用現在完成式,表示過去發生的事情對現在仍然具有影響。

The first is the banking charter that SoFi obtained in early 2022 via the acquisition of Golden Pacific Bancorp, a small California bank.
第一項因素是 SoFi 在 2022 年初透過收購一家加州小型銀行 Golden Pacific Bancorp 而取得的銀行牌照。

關係子句

that SoFi obtained in early 2022 是關係子句,用來修飾前面的 the banking charter。

原本可以拆成兩句:

SoFi obtained the banking charter in early 2022.

合併後:

the banking charter that SoFi obtained in early 2022

= SoFi 在 2022 年初取得的銀行牌照。

obtain
取得、獲得

同義詞: get、acquire、receive、secure、gain

obtain 比較正式,因此在財經新聞中比口語化的 get 更常見。

banking charter
銀行牌照、銀行特許
via
透過、經由
via the acquisition
= 透過收購

via 是財經新聞中很常見的正式用語。

同義詞: through、by means of、using

acquisition
收購
acquire = 收購(動詞)
acquisition = 收購(名詞)
Very few fintechs have bank charters, so it gives SoFi an advantage because it can accept deposits and use those deposits to fund loans, as opposed to other fintechs, which have to partner with third-party lenders to fund loans and either pay fees or share revenue.
極少數金融科技公司擁有銀行牌照,因此這讓 SoFi 取得優勢,因為它可以接受存款,並利用這些存款為貸款提供資金;相較之下,其他金融科技公司必須與第三方貸款機構合作來為貸款提供資金,並且必須支付費用或分享營收。

very few

very few
極少數

注意 few 與 a few 的差異。

英文 意思
few fintechs 很少金融科技公司
a few fintechs 幾家金融科技公司
very few fintechs 極少數金融科技公司

give someone an advantage

give someone an advantage
讓某人/某公司取得優勢
The banking charter gives SoFi an advantage.
= 銀行牌照讓 SoFi 取得優勢。

財經文章中還會看到:

competitive advantage = 競爭優勢

cost advantage = 成本優勢

pricing advantage = 定價優勢

technological advantage = 技術優勢

accept deposits

accept deposits
接受存款

這是銀行與金融業常見搭配。

常見相關表達包括:

accept deposits
= 接受存款

take deposits
= 吸收存款

attract deposits
= 吸引存款

deposit growth
= 存款成長

use A to do B

use A to do B
使用 A 來做 B

原文: use those deposits to fund loans

= 利用這些存款為貸款提供資金。

fund loans
為貸款提供資金

fund 在財經英文中非常重要,可以當動詞使用,表示 「為……提供資金」、「資助」。

The company uses deposits to fund its lending business.
= 這家公司利用存款為其放貸業務提供資金。

as opposed to

as opposed to
而不是、相較於
The company focuses on cash flow as opposed to accounting profit.
= 這家公司重視現金流,而不是會計利潤。

同義詞: rather than、instead of、in contrast to、unlike

這個片語在財經文章中很有用,常被用來比較兩種不同的商業模式、 投資方法或財務指標。

partner with

partner with
與……合作
The company partners with banks.
= 這家公司與銀行合作。

財經與科技新聞中非常常見。

常見搭配:

partner with banks
= 與銀行合作

partner with financial institutions
= 與金融機構合作

partner with third-party providers
= 與第三方服務商合作

third-party

third-party
第三方的

這個詞在科技、金融與商業新聞中非常常見。

third-party lender
= 第三方貸款機構

third-party provider
= 第三方服務提供商

third-party platform
= 第三方平台

either…or…

either A or B
要麼 A,要麼 B;A 或 B

原文: either pay fees or share revenue

= 要麼支付費用,要麼分享營收。

share revenue
分享營收、營收分成
share revenue with partners
= 與合作夥伴分成營收
This has helped SoFi ramp up the number of personal loans it has issued.
這幫助 SoFi 增加了其發放的個人貸款數量。

文法:help + 人 + 原形動詞

help + 人 + 原形動詞 表示「幫助某人做某事」。

原文:

has helped SoFi ramp up…

= 幫助 SoFi 增加……

ramp up

ramp up
加快、擴大、增加

ramp up 是商業與財經新聞非常常見的片語。

ramp up production
= 提高產量

ramp up hiring
= 擴大招聘

ramp up lending
= 擴大放貸

ramp up investment
= 增加投資

同義詞: increase、expand、boost、accelerate、scale up

the number of

the number of + 複數可數名詞
……的數量
the number of loans
= 貸款數量

the number of customers
= 客戶數量

the number of users
= 使用者數量

loans it has issued

it has issued 是修飾前面 loans 的關係子句。

可以理解為:

loans that it has issued

= 它已經發放的貸款。

issue a loan
發放貸款
In the second quarter, it had a record $3.7 billion in personal loan originations, up 51% year over year and 27% from the previous quarter.
第二季,其個人貸款承作額創下 37 億美元的紀錄,年增 51%,較前一季增加 27%。

a record + 數字

a record + 數字
創紀錄的……
a record $3.7 billion
= 創紀錄的 37 億美元

這裡的 record 不是「一份紀錄」, 而是形容某個數字達到歷史或期間新高。

loan originations

loan originations
貸款發放額、貸款承作額

origination 是金融業常見的專業用語,尤其常用來描述銀行或金融機構新發放的貸款。

因此:

personal loan originations
= 個人貸款發放額/個人貸款承作額

year over year

year over year (YoY)
年增、較去年同期、年比
Revenue increased 10% year over year.
= 營收年增 10%。

這是閱讀美股財報、公司新聞與財經媒體時非常常見的同比表達。

from the previous quarter

from the previous quarter
較前一季

原文:

up 51% year over year and 27% from the previous quarter

= 年增 51%,較前一季增加 27%。


本段值得記住的財經英語片語
英文片語 台灣繁體中文 常見用法
a couple of 幾個、幾項 a couple of factors
start as 起初是…… start as a lender
over the years 多年來 over the years, it has…
branch out 拓展業務 branch out into new markets
by + V-ing 透過…… by providing services
a suite of 一系列、一整套 a suite of services
business line 業務線、業務領域 three business lines
revenue generator 營收來源 the largest revenue generator
account for 占……比例 account for 30% of revenue
two-thirds of 三分之二的…… two-thirds of total revenue
provide A with B 為 A 提供 B provide the segment with a boost
give something a boost 提振某事物 give revenue a boost
in recent years 近年來 in recent years
obtain 取得、獲得 obtain a banking charter
banking charter 銀行牌照、銀行特許 obtain a banking charter
via 透過、經由 via an acquisition
acquisition 收購 via the acquisition of…
very few 極少數 very few fintechs
give someone an advantage 讓某人取得優勢 give SoFi an advantage
accept deposits 接受存款 accept customer deposits
use A to fund B 利用 A 為 B 提供資金 use deposits to fund loans
fund loans 為貸款提供資金 fund personal loans
as opposed to 而不是、相較於 as opposed to other fintechs
partner with 與……合作 partner with lenders
third-party 第三方的 third-party lenders
either…or… 要麼……要麼…… either pay fees or share revenue
share revenue 分享營收、營收分成 share revenue with partners
ramp up 加快、擴大、增加 ramp up lending
the number of ……的數量 the number of loans
issue a loan 發放貸款 loans it has issued
a record + 數字 創紀錄的…… a record $3.7 billion
loan originations 貸款發放額、貸款承作額 personal loan originations
year over year 年增、較去年同期 up 51% year over year
from the previous quarter 較前一季 up 27% from the previous quarter
常見同義詞替換

branch out
branch out → expand into → diversify into → broaden its business → enter new markets

obtain
obtain → get → acquire → secure → gain

boost
boost → lift → increase → stimulate → strengthen

ramp up
ramp up → increase → expand → boost → accelerate → scale up

as opposed to
as opposed to → rather than → instead of → in contrast to → unlike

revenue generator
revenue generator → revenue source → major source of revenue

provide A with B
provide A with B → give A B → supply A with B

partner with
partner with → work with → collaborate with

財經新聞常見的成長率表達
英文 台灣繁體中文 例句
year over year 年增、較去年同期 up 51% year over year
quarter over quarter 季增、較前一季 up 10% quarter over quarter
month over month 月增、較上月 up 5% month over month
from the previous quarter 較前一季 up 27% from the previous quarter
from the previous year 較前一年 up 20% from the previous year
財經英語重點

這段文章有幾個非常典型的財經新聞寫法。

第一個是使用 account for 描述營收結構。例如: accounting for two-thirds of total revenue 表示「占總營收的三分之二」。

第二個是使用 ramp up 表示企業擴大某項業務。例如: ramp up lending 就是「擴大放貸」。

第三個是 year over year, 這是閱讀美股財報、公司新聞與財經媒體時非常常見的同比表達。

此外, branch out、 as opposed to、 partner with、 provide A with B 也都可以直接套用到其他公司的財經新聞中。

這類表達的價值在於,它們不只適用於 SoFi。 閱讀其他金融科技公司、銀行、券商或金融服務公司的英文新聞時, 都可能再次看到相同的句型與片語。

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