本頁透過一段真實的美股新聞，整理財經英文中常見的文法、片語、單字搭配與同義詞。 內容特別適合用來熟悉美股新聞、銀行財報與公司盈餘公告中經常出現的英文表達。
英文原文
Several banks reported earnings Tuesday, and the biggest mover among them was Bank of New York Mellon (NYSE:BK), which jumped 4.1% Tuesday. The custody bank posted a 2% revenue increase, a 5% increase in adjusted earnings per share to $1.27, and a return on tangible common equity of 20%. Other notable bank movers on Tuesday were Keycorp (NYSE:KEY), which gained 3.2%, and Bank of America (NYSE:BAC), which climbed 2.3%.
Bank of America posted earnings on Tuesday that beat analysts’ expectations, with revenue up 3% to $25.2 billion and net income up 10% year over year to $7.8 billion, or 90 cents per diluted share. That beat estimates of 83 cents per diluted share. The surprisingly strong bank earnings for Bank of America, BNY Mellon, and those large bellwether banks that reported last week have buoyed many smaller banks across the industry.
文法解析
1. with revenue up 3%
原文： with revenue up 3% to $25.2 billion
這裡是財經新聞非常常見的 with + 名詞 + 形容詞／分詞 結構。 「revenue up 3%」可以理解成「營收上升 3%」。
營收上升 10%
股價下跌 5%
利潤上升 20%
2. year over year
net income up 10% year over year
year over year（YoY） 表示「年增」或「與去年同期相比」。 在財報與美股新聞中非常常見。
營收年增 10%。
3. beat analysts’ expectations
Bank of America posted earnings on Tuesday that beat analysts’ expectations.
beat 在這裡不是「打敗某人」，而是「超過、優於」。 beat analysts’ expectations 就是「優於分析師預期」。
4. which jumped 4.1%
which 引導關係子句，用來補充說明前面的 Bank of New York Mellon。
jumped 4.1% 表示股價上漲 4.1%。在財經新聞裡， jump 通常帶有「明顯上漲」的語氣。
5. which gained 3.2% / which climbed 2.3%
這兩個 which 同樣是關係代名詞，用來補充說明前面的公司。 gained 和 climbed 在這裡都表示股價上漲。
財經片語與常見搭配
幾家銀行週二公布財報。
重要單字與財經用法
財經新聞中的 post 不一定是「張貼」。 例如 post a profit 是「實現獲利」， post a loss 是「出現虧損」。
biggest mover 可以用來描述某段時間內股價變動最明顯的股票。
常見搭配包括 notable mover、 notable increase、notable change。
buoy 在財經英文中常用來表示某項消息或因素 「提振」公司、股票或整個產業。
強勁的財報提振了較小型銀行。
surprisingly 是副詞，用來修飾 strong。
earnings per diluted share 即「稀釋後每股盈餘」， 在公司財報中相當常見。
同義詞與替代表達
| 原文 | 常見替代表達 | 中文意思 |
|---|---|---|
| report earnings | announce earnings release earnings report results |
公布財報 |
| jump | surge rise gain climb |
上漲 |
| beat expectations | exceed expectations top expectations surpass expectations |
優於預期 |
| beat estimates | exceed estimates top estimates |
高於預估 |
| buoy | boost lift support bolster |
提振、支撐 |
| notable | significant noteworthy prominent |
值得注意的、顯著的 |
| year over year | from a year earlier compared with the same period last year |
年增、與去年同期相比 |
財經英文閱讀重點
這段新聞中有許多美股新聞常見的固定搭配，例如 report earnings、beat expectations、 year over year、revenue up、 post a revenue increase 和 buoy。
這些表達不只適用於銀行新聞，也經常出現在科技股、零售股、 消費股與其他公司的財報新聞中。
