本文以 SoFi 的公司成長與獲利情況為例， 分析美股新聞與財報文章中常見的英文表達方式， 包括 year over year、record revenue、net loss、 ramp up、profitability 等實用財經英文。
Growth has been staggering
SoFi has grown rapidly in the past few years. In the most recent quarter, revenue was up 37% year over year, led by the technology platform and financial services, which both had record revenue.
SoFi added 584,000 new members, or customers, in the quarter, giving them 6.2 million overall, up 44% year over year. It also had 847,000 new product additions, which refers to the aggregate number of SoFi products that customers use. Overall, SoFi had 9.4 million total products at quarter-end, up 43% from the second quarter of 2022.
While growth has been steady and strong, the company is still not profitable. It had a $47.5 million net loss in the most recent quarter, down from $96 million a year ago in the same quarter. This is due to the high expenses associated with ramping up the growing business. However, the company is gradually moving toward profitability.
has been + 形容詞 是現在完成式， 表示某種狀態從過去持續到現在。
staggering 在這裡不是「蹣跚的」， 而是「驚人的、非常巨大的」。
has grown 是現在完成式， 表示 SoFi 過去幾年快速成長，而且這項成長與現在仍有關聯。
in the past few years 是財經文章中很常見的時間表達。
be up + 數字 表示「增加」， 而 year over year 表示「與去年同期相比」。
財經文章中也常看到：
led by 在財經英文中通常表示 「在……帶動下」或「主要由……推動」。
which 在這裡引導關係子句， 修飾前面的 technology platform and financial services。
both had record revenue 表示「兩者的營收都創下紀錄」。
giving 是現在分詞， 用來補充說明前面事件所產生的結果。
這裡的 while 不是「當……的時候」， 而是「雖然」的意思，用來引導讓步句。
profitable 表示「有獲利的」。 still not profitable 則表示「仍然沒有獲利」。
down from 表示相較於之前的數字下降。 本句比較的是目前的淨損與一年前同期的淨損。
move toward + 名詞 表示「朝……邁進」或「逐步朝……發展」。
staggering 表示驚人的、非常巨大的。
同義詞：remarkable、extraordinary、astonishing、impressive
同義詞：grow quickly、expand rapidly、 experience rapid growth
常見替代說法：the latest quarter
be up + 數字 是財經新聞常見表達。
同義詞：increase、rise、grow
縮寫為 YoY。
類似表達：from a year ago、compared with the same period last year
同義詞：driven by、powered by、boosted by、supported by
類似表達：record sales、record earnings、record profit
同義詞：gain customers、acquire customers、 attract customers
類似表達：total number、combined number
類似表達：at the end of the quarter
steady：stable、consistent、sustained
strong：robust、solid、healthy
相反：net income、net profit
同義詞：be caused by、result from、stem from
常見搭配： ramp up production、ramp up hiring、ramp up investment
類似表達：move closer to profitability、 work toward profitability
| 原文 | 常見同義表達 | 中文意思 |
|---|---|---|
| grow rapidly | expand rapidly experience rapid growth |
快速成長 |
| revenue was up | revenue increased revenue rose |
營收增加 |
| led by | driven by powered by |
由……帶動 |
| record revenue | record sales record earnings |
創紀錄的營收 |
| net loss | loss net deficit |
淨損 |
| be due to | be caused by result from stem from |
由……造成 |
| ramp up | scale up increase expand |
擴大規模、增加投入 |
| move toward profitability | move closer to profitability work toward profitability |
朝獲利邁進 |
這篇文章的英文難度不算高，但包含許多美股新聞與財報文章 非常常見的固定表達。
對閱讀美股新聞、公司財報與投資研究文章而言， year over year、led by、record revenue、 net loss、ramp up、profitability 都值得熟悉。
