Up To 是什麼意思?英文片語用法與例句

一、逐句文法分析

The third major mover last week was Huntington Ingalls Industries (NYSE:HII), which was also impacted by the war.
中文:上週第三大主要漲跌股是 Huntington Ingalls Industries(NYSE:HII),該公司也受到戰爭影響。

文法重點:

The third major mover last week was …

這是一個很典型的「主詞 + be 動詞 + 名詞」結構。

  • The third major mover = 第三個主要漲跌股
  • last week = 上週
  • was = 是
  • Huntington Ingalls Industries = 公司名稱

這裡的 mover 在股市新聞中不是「移動的人」,而是指股價出現較大變動的股票。

which was also impacted by the war

這裡的 which 是關係代名詞,指前面的 Huntington Ingalls Industries。

結構:

…, which + be + 過去分詞

be impacted by = 受到……影響

The company was impacted by higher interest rates.
公司受到較高利率的影響。
The leading military shipbuilder in the U.S. saw its share price rise by about 11% last week to roughly $225 per share.
中文:這家美國領先的軍艦製造商上週股價上漲約 11%,至每股約 225 美元。

文法重點:

這句最值得學的是:

see + 受詞 + 原形動詞

saw its share price rise = 看到/經歷其股價上升。

這裡的 see 不是單純「看到」的字面意思,而是表示某件事情發生。

The company saw revenue increase by 20%.
公司營收增加了 20%。

rise by about 11%

rise by + 幅度 表示「上升了多少」。

  • rise by 10% = 上升 10%
  • rise by $5 = 上升 5 美元

rise to $225 表示「上升到 225 美元」。

因此:

rise by 11% to $225

= 上漲 11%,達到 225 美元。

The stock is down about 3% year to date.
中文:該股票今年以來下跌約 3%。

文法重點:

be down + 數字 是財經新聞非常常見的表達。

The stock is down 3%.
股票下跌 3%。

相反:

The stock is up 3%.
股票上漲 3%。

year to date (YTD) = 今年截至目前為止、今年以來。

The stock is up 20% year to date.
該股今年以來上漲 20%。

二、第二段

Like Northrop Grumman, the stock moved up last week due to the conflict in the Middle East, which sent most defense stocks higher.
中文:與 Northrop Grumman 一樣,該股票上週因中東衝突而上漲,而這場衝突推高了大多數國防股。

文法重點:

Like Northrop Grumman

這裡的 Like 是介系詞:

Like A, B …

= 和 A 一樣,B……

Like Apple, Microsoft benefits from a strong ecosystem.
和 Apple 一樣,Microsoft 也受益於強大的生態系統。

due to + 名詞

due to the conflict
由於這場衝突

due to = because of。

which sent most defense stocks higher

這裡的 which 指前面的 the conflict in the Middle East。

send + 受詞 + 形容詞/副詞比較級

sent most defense stocks higher
使大多數國防股上漲

這個結構在財經英文非常實用:

  • send stocks higher = 推高股票
  • send stocks lower = 使股票下跌
Strong earnings sent the stock higher.
強勁的財報推高了股價。
However, Huntington Ingalls also won a Navy contract last Wednesday to build nine small unmanned undersea vehicles (SUUV) for the U.S. Navy’s Lionfish System program.
中文:然而,Huntington Ingalls 上週三也贏得一份海軍合約,將為美國海軍 Lionfish System 計畫建造 9 艘小型無人水下載具。

文法重點:

win a contract = 贏得/取得一份合約。

這是商業新聞非常常見的搭配。

win a contract to do something
贏得一份做某事的合約

to build nine … 中的 to build 是不定詞,表示這份合約的目的或內容。

a contract to build nine vehicles
一份建造 9 輛載具的合約

unmanned undersea vehicles 可以拆成:

  • unmanned = 無人的
  • undersea = 水下的
  • vehicles = 載具

因此 unmanned undersea vehicles = 無人水下載具。

The $347 million contract has the potential to grow to include up to 200 vehicles over the next five years.
中文:這份 3.47 億美元的合約未來有可能擴大,在接下來五年內涵蓋最多 200 輛載具。

重要片語:

have the potential to + V = 有可能……

The company has the potential to grow rapidly.
這家公司有可能快速成長。

grow to include = 擴大到包含……

這裡的 grow 不是單純「生長」,而是指規模擴大。

up to = 最多、最高達到。

up to 200 vehicles
最多 200 輛載具

注意:up to 200 不代表已經有 200,而是「最多可能達到 200」。

over the next five years = 在接下來五年期間。

over the next decade
在接下來十年

三、第三段

Given that these stocks were all largely pushed up by the same catalyst, investors should proceed with caution.
中文:鑑於這些股票基本上都是受到同一項催化因素推動而上漲,投資人應該謹慎行事。

文法與片語:

Given that + 子句 = 鑑於……/考慮到……

Given that revenue is declining, investors should be cautious.
鑑於營收正在下降,投資人應該保持謹慎。

be pushed up by = 被……推高、受到……推動而上漲。

stocks were pushed up by the conflict
股票受到這場衝突推動而上漲

catalyst 是財經英文非常重要的單字,意思是「催化因素」,通常指推動股價或公司發生變化的重要事件或因素。

proceed with caution = 謹慎行事。

這是一個固定表達,比單純的 be careful 更正式,也常出現在新聞與分析報告中。

A deeper dive into each, including an analysis of their third-quarter earnings results, would be warranted.
中文:有必要對每家公司進行更深入的分析,包括分析它們第三季的財報結果。

重要片語:

a deeper dive into = 深入研究某件事情。

這是一個非常常見的財經與商業英文表達。

a deep dive into the company’s financials
深入分析公司的財務狀況

including … = 包括……

including an analysis of their third-quarter earnings results
包括對其第三季財報結果的分析

would be warranted 是比較正式的表達。

warrant 有「使……成為必要/值得」的意思。

Further analysis is warranted.
有必要進一步分析。

因此:

A deeper dive would be warranted.
有必要進行更深入的研究。

四、這段最值得學的財經片語

片語 中文意思
major mover主要漲跌股
be impacted by受到……影響
see + O + V經歷/出現某種變化
rise by上升……幅度
rise to上升至……
be down下跌
year to date今年以來,截至目前
move up上漲
due to由於
send stocks higher推高股票
win a contract贏得/取得合約
have the potential to有可能……
up to最多達到
be pushed up by受到……推動而上漲
catalyst催化因素
proceed with caution謹慎行事
a deeper dive into深入分析
be warranted有必要/值得

五、重要單字與同義詞

1. impacted

意思:受到影響

同義詞:

  • affected
  • influenced
The company was affected by higher costs.
公司受到較高成本的影響。

2. leading

意思:領先的

同義詞:

  • major
  • prominent
  • top
a leading technology company
一家領先的科技公司

3. roughly

意思:大約

同義詞:

  • approximately
  • about
  • around

這三個單字在財經新聞中都非常常見。

4. conflict

意思:衝突

同義詞:

  • dispute
  • confrontation
  • hostilities

不過,不同單字的嚴重程度與使用情境並不完全相同。

5. contract

意思:合約

同義詞:

  • agreement
  • deal
win a government contract
贏得政府合約

6. catalyst

意思:催化因素

可以理解成:

something that causes or accelerates a change

在股票新聞中通常指推動股價變化的重要事件或因素。

常見搭配:

  • earnings catalyst
  • growth catalyst
  • positive catalyst
  • negative catalyst
  • potential catalyst

7. warranted

意思:有必要的/合理的

同義詞:

  • justified
  • necessary
  • called for
Further investigation is warranted.
有必要進一步調查。

六、這段最值得學的 5 個句型

① The stock is up/down … year to date.

The stock is down about 3% year to date.

= 股票今年以來下跌約 3%。

② The company saw + O + V

The company saw its share price rise.

= 公司股價出現上漲。

這個句型在財經新聞中非常常見。

③ Something sent stocks higher/lower.

The conflict sent most defense stocks higher.

= 這場衝突推高了大多數國防股。

④ Something has the potential to + V

The contract has the potential to grow.

= 這份合約有可能擴大。

⑤ A deeper dive into X would be warranted.

A deeper dive into each would be warranted.

= 有必要對每家公司進行更深入的分析。

學習重點:這個句型很適合用在股票研究、財報分析與投資文章中。

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